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igu rif;&efol r[kwfbl;
'gqkd &Sifvufeufcsvkduf
rvIyfeJY
rsufESmzkH;u vSw,f
bmvkdY ighukd ulnDcJhwmvJ
awmfygao;&JU
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avmf&mu toHwdwf tcsufNypepfeJY wyfzGJY0if wpf0ufavmufukdac:oGm;w,f
tif; wu,fh vlqkd;aemufukdvkdufw,fqkdwm acwfaemufusoGm;NyDxifw,f
olYtwGufawmh igu wu,fhvlqkd;yJ
awmfrD qDukd igtcsdefrSDra&mufuwnf;u
b,fvkdvGwfvmwmvJ
rsufESmzkH;pGyf qHyifa&Ta&mifrdef;rwpfa,mufu ighudk ulnDw,f
aemufxyf ykHwlul; uif;orm;wpfa,mufvm;
[ifhtif; olu rwlbl;
avhusifhom;Nynfh0w,f NyD;awmh ol toHvIdif;xkwfvTifhud&d,m okH;w,f
aeOD; toHvIdif;ud&d,m 'Dxuf wdusvkdYr&bl;vm;
ol tJh'gzGifhvkdufawmh rSefawGusuGJukefw,f
olu b,folvJ bmvkdY rif;udkulnDwmvJ
&Sifhukd ulnDzkdYvJ olb,fvkdodwmvJ
tm;vkH;ar;cGef;aumif;awGygyJ
NrdKUrSm aemufxyfupm;orm;wpfa,muf&Sdaewm igoabmrusbl;
bmpkHprf;vkdY&rvJ MunfhvkdufOD;r,f
tkdvDAm rif; b,fvkdvkyfNyD; avmf&m&kH;cef;ukd
a&mufae&wmvJ igodcsifw,f
olu rif;ukd NynfholY&efol eHygwfwpftNzpfowfrSwfxm;wm
tJh'g pum;aNymvkdYaumif;wJhtcsdefvkdY rif;,lqvm;
bmaMumifhvJqkdawmh ig olYukdaNzmifhNzr,f
'Dwpfcg ighvkyf&yfawG t&ifvkdr[kwfawmhbl; enf;vrf;aNymif;w,fqkdwm em;vnfatmifaNymvkdY&r,fvkdYxifcJhw,f
igvlqkd; r[kwfbl;qkdwm
igrSm;oGm;w,f
odyfaumif;w,f
tck igwkdYtdrfrSm *syefppfom;tavmif;awG a&mufaew,f
'DuGsef;ay:u vlawGu 'D tavmif;awGukd&Smaewm
bmaMumifhvJqkdwm enf;enf;avmufNzpfNzpf &Sifpdwfr0ifpm;bl;vm;
olwkdYvkd aumifawG b,favmufrsm;ao;vJ
olwkdY b,fae&muae nTefMum;aevJqkdwm igykdpdwf0ifpm;w,f
olwkdY tJh'gawGukd vm,lMuOD;rSm 'g igwkdYqDudkvmr,fqkdwmeJY twlwlyJ
olwkdYu rdwfaqGqefwJhaumifawGr[kwfbl;qkdwm igwkdY NrifcJhNyD;NyD
'Dawmh
Munfh&wm rif;t&ifuwnf;u 'grsdK; vkyfzl;ovkdyJ
Zifusef;rSmwkef;u uGsefru aq;ausmif;ol
olu t&nftcsif;trsm;MuD;eJY rdef;r
vm
b,fudkvm&rSmvJ
ykdNrifhwJhae&mudk igwkdY tay:pD;u NrifEkdifwJhae&mxd a&mufzkdYvkdw,f
'grSef &efolY ae&mudkcefYrSef;vkdY&r,f
&Sm'kdua&m
uGsefr 'DrSmtqifaNyygw,f
igwkdY vlcsif;rcGJoifhbl;
olY[moltavmif;awGeJY upm;aeygap
ol rodvkdufcif igwkdYNyefa&mufvmrSmyJ
'DrSm oli,fcsif;
uGsefawmfauGs;yg&ap t&m&SdvefYpf
[ifhtif; ,lprf;yg 'Davmufaumif;wJh a[mha'ghukd
r&&if uGsefawmf vkawmif,l&OD;r,f ,lyg
[kwfNyD *&kpdkufyg
tzGJYtm;vkH; 1078 'kwd,eJY zvufcsmrSm
aus;Zl;NyKNyD; taMumif;Nyefyg
vefYpf uif;vSnfhwyfzGJY ',fvfwm csmvD 52 10-60 taMumif;Nyefaew,f
tkdAm euf*wpf 'DpD 52
tav;rxm;eJY 10;78 uif;vSnfhrINyefvnfpwifyg
b,folYtrdefYeJYvJ
vufzwifeif ykdufcf
wpfqdwfavmuf
bDvf 'DrSm bmawGNzpfaewmvJ
'g ighae&mav bmvkdYykdufcfu ighudkvmcGifhray;wmvJ
uGifwif 'gukd xdef;csKyfEkdifygw,f
bmukd xdef;csKyfEkdifwmvJ
'g bmwefrmopfyJ
trftkduvJ 'DoabmaNymoGm;w,f
ol tkdif;&Gef;[kdufrSm wpfoufwpfuGsef; usaewmav
r[kwfawmhbl;
ivsifvIyfwkef;u tkdif&Gef;[kduf NydKuGJoGm;w,f
rmopfvJ vGwfwJholawGxJygoGm;w,f
vlawG taMumufvGefukefMurSmpkd;&drfw,f 'Dawmh olwkdYzkH;zdxm;w,f
ighqDuyg zkH;zdxm;Muw,faygh
rif;uvJ ykdufcf odw,fav
aemufqkH;wpfacgufu bmNzpfoGm;vJqkdwm 'Daumif rif;pdwfukd twGif;ususem;vnfoGm;w,f
tif; 'gayr,fh igolYudkzrf;EkdifcJhw,f rmopftaMumif;udk ighavmufb,folrS rodbl;
NyD;awmh igrif;&JU rSwfwrf;awG zkdifawG tm;vkH;&xm;w,f ykdufcftrdefYyJ
'DtrIem;udk rif;csOf;uyfvm&if
ol rif;udk 0wÅ&m;aESmifh,SufrIeJYzrf;vdrfhr,f
uGsefr vGefcJhwJh vwpfcsdKYUxJrSm tJh'D qef;Mu,fwJhrdef;uav;eJYywfoufwJh
&JrSwfwrf;awG tawmfrsm;rsm;awGY&w,f
olwkdY rsufESmzkH;pGyf 0wfpkHeuf trsdK;orD;wpfa,mufu wkdufckdufolawGukd wkdufckdufw,fvkdY a&;xm;w,f
olu rk'drf;usifhzkdYMudK;pm;wJh ig;a,mufavmufukd avmavmqnf aq;&kHa&mufatmifykdYxm;w,f
tJh'g olyJqkdwm aocsmvm;
eH&kd;usdK;wm em;pnfuGJwm toHvIdif;xkwfvTifhpuf
tJh'g olyJ ol &mZ0wfaumifawGukd ypfrSwfxm;aew,f
rdef;rrkef;wJh &mZ0wfaumifawG
yxr acgif;pGyf tck ol rif;u vIyf&Sm;rIwpfckpwifvkdufNyDxifw,f
ig bmvIyf&Sm;rIrSm rvkdcsifbl; 'Dawmh olYudkzrf;&r,f
'DNrdKUrSm apwemh0efxrf;uif;orm;awG zkH;vTrf;oGm;rSm rvkdvm;bl;
[kdif; pkHaxmufMuD;
'Dawmh
rpö prkcfu uGsefawmfukd qufoG,fzkdY enf;vrf;ay;vkdufNyDaygh
olu rif;ukd axmufcHw,f
NyD;awmh vlrowfyJeJY 'DNrdKUukd ulnDzkdY MudK;pm;aew,fvkdY rif;aNymcJhw,f
tJh'g trSefvm;
cifAsm; b,fvkdxifvJ
ig ,kHzkdY qE´&Sdw,fyJxm;ygawmh
'DNrdKUu xdckdufcHae&w,f
NyD;awmh &JawGua&m
w&m;rQwrIukd&SmzkdYtwGuf w&m;Oya'tNyifbufukd
oGm;p&mrvkdbl;vkdY igtNrJwrf;,kHcJhw,f
'gayr,fh vwfwavm Nzpf&yfawGt&
igodyfraocsmcsifawmhbl;
bmwGef rmopf
rD'D,mawGu olYukd t&kyfvkyform;vkdYac:Muw,f
olY om;aumifawGukd ay:vDrmeJY vnfacsmif;uae avmif;csNyD;
touf&Ivrf;aMumif;ydwfowfw,f NyD;awmh t&kyfawGvkd t0wftpm;qifay;w,f
ig olYudkzrf;cJhw,f
tckawmh ivsifaMumifh
olvGwfNyd;awmh vlowfaeNyefNyD
tJh'gawGu vGefcJhwJhaNcmufESpfu
'g ighukd,fykdifzkdif
tJh'g ukd,fykdif oufouf[kwfcsifrS[kwfr,f
rmopfu ig vGefcJhwJhwpfacguf olYukd rrdcifrSm rdef;uav;&Spfa,mufukdowfcJhw,f
ighodpdwfa&SUrSm aemufxyf tJh'gawG rvkdcsifawmhbl;
'gqkd bmvkdY&JawGukdyJ olwkdYtvkyf olwkdYvkyfcGifhray;vJ
igvJ rif;udk 'DvkdaNymcsifwmyJ
olwkdYawGaMumufvGef;vkdY rmopfvGwfaewmawmif
vlawGudk ay;rodbl;
rif;aNymawmh wpfNcm;enf;vrf;eJYprf;Munfhaew,fqkd
igvJ prf;Munfhaewmaygh
rif;tom;t&nfu odyfvSw,f..
vefYpfuzkdifuae rif; bm&xm;vJ
NyD;cJhwJh wpfacgufu t&kyfvkyform; pwmvifNrdKUrSm vIyf&Sm;cJhwkef;u
ol okH;&ufukdwpfck vlowfw,f
'Dvkdqkd olYudkzrf;zkdYtcsdef ESpf&uf&wmaygh
aoolawGudk qufpyfMunfhvkdY&vm;
i,fw,f vSw,f
vefYpf&JU zkdift&
ol om;aumifawGukd b,fvkda&G;cs,fvJ pOf;pm;vkdYr&bl;wJh
aygpDvdef; t&kyfawGu olwkdYcsnf;oufoufvJ
aMumufp&maumif;aewmyJ
bmwGef rmopfu rdom;pk r&Sd todtuGsrf;r&Sdbl;
wpfukd,fa& 0HykavGawGu ykdzrf;&cufw,f
'gayr,fh olwkdY a&SUaeiSm;cGifhawmh&Sdygw,f
vefYpfukdac:vkduf
'DnawGYqkHzkdY &Sdw,fvkdYaNym
b,frSmvJ - bmwefrmopfukd ukd,fpm;NyKcJhwJh
a&SUae&JU &kH;cef;rSm
'Dvkdqkd 'gu &Sifhukd wdwfwckd;Nrwfekd;ol
b,folvJqkdwm azmfxkwfzkdYxuf ykdta&;ygoGm;NyDaygh
'gu igwm0ef,lygw,f
uGsefawmf cifAsm;udk b,fawmh xyfawGY&rvJ arQmfaewm
vltopfwpfa,muf&Sdw,f NrdKrSm
olu rdef;rawGukdypfrSwfxm;wJh a,mufsm;awGukd ypfrSwfxm;aew,f
uGsefawmf odw,f olYukdNrifzl;w,f
olYukd&Sm 'gayr,fh xdyfwkdufrawGYeJY
tJh'gu ighwm0efxm;
av;orm;u tawmfzsufqD;oGm;wmyJ
tJh'gudkvJ pGJcsufwifwJhtxJ xnfh&r,f
rif;t,ltq rSefom;yJ olay:vmw,f
uGsefru olYtaMumif;aumif;aumif;odw,f tenf;qkH; wpfNcm;olawGxufawmh omw,f
tukefvkH;pkwfNywfaeygvm;
okH;ywfrSm ESpfMudrf orD;usnfqHawGMum;a&mufcJh&wm
orD; tqifaNyygw,f - tqifaNywJhykHray:ygbl;
yifyef;aeovkdyJ
rif;wkdYESpfa,muf pum;aNymygOD;
taz 'Dudkvmwm orD; b,fvkd yifyef;aewJhyKHaygufvJqkdwm aNymzkdYvm;
r[kwfbl; orD; ukdtaNctaear;zkdY
NyD;awmh w&m;&kH;rSwfwrf;awGvJ MunfhcsifvkdY
bmwGefrmopf vGwfoGm;w,f taz olYa&SUaeukd&Smaewm
bmvJ tazu pkHaxmufrS r[kwfawmhyJ
tif; 'gayr,fh pm&Gufpmwrf;awGxJu bm&SmawGYEkdifrvJ avhvmaewm
taz 'DtrIaMumifh
[kdwpfacgufu pdwftawmfxdoGm;w,faemf
tif; tJh'DvkdvkyfcJhwm rmopf r[kwfwm tazwkdY ESpfa,mufvkH;odygw,f
b,folrS olYtaMumif;ukd tazhavmufrodbl;
'dawmh olYudkzrf;zkdY tcGifhaumif;vJ b,folYrSmrS r&Sdbl;
'Dawmh olowfcJhorQ aumifrav;awG tm;vkH;u tazh tay:tNypf&Sdovkd cHpm;&w,f
[ifhtif;
r[kwfygbl; taz
taz cHpm;ae&wJh tNypf&Sdovkd cHpm;csufu
uvJhpm; acszkdYukd w&m;rQwapzkdYokH;aewm
'gqkd&ifawmh taz wpfa,mufwnf; r[kwfygbl;
tar tqifaNy&JUvm;
orD; vmvnfwkdif; tarhudk 'dpum;ar;p&mrvkdygbl;
pdwfxJ xm;raeeJY
'gqkd&ifawmh aemufxyf 25 ESpfavmuf
tarhudk 'Dpum;ar;ae&r,f
tJh'Dvkd raNymygeJY
oD,m vltaNrmuftrsm;aoaprIeJYpGJcsufwifcH xm;7wJhtcsdefrSm
taumif;bufu awG;p&modyfr&Sdbl;
w&m;a&qkdif&m y&d,m,frSm tvm;tvmaumif;atmif
'gawG 0wfNyD; &kH;csdef;xGufvkdY&r&
tarh a&SUaeeJYwkdifyif&OD;r,f
orD; oleJY aNymNyD;NyD
tarh tMudKMum;emcsufaeYrSm
omref t0wftpm;awG
0wfvkdY&w,fvkdY aNymw,f
'Dawmh 'gawGa&G;vmwm
zuf&Sif&JawGukdyJ taraMumuf&wmqkd&if aumif;OD;r,f
raemufygeJY - oD,m taraNymwm em;axmif
tck 'drSm bmawGNzpfaewmvJqkdwm orD; em;vnfzkdYvkdw,f
vl 503 a,mufaooGm;w,f
tJh'g tarhay:wifaewJh tNypfaMuG;yJ
tarh tNypf'Pfukd vufcHvkdufzkdY tqifoifh&SdaeNyD
tarh wpfoufvkH; 'DrSmyJaeoGm;&&ifawmifvm;
tif;
wkdeD 'ifeD,,f
bm ulnD&rvJ t&m&Sd
bmwGef rmopf 'Dat&kH;cef;t&
olY&JU w&m;cGif ppfaq;rIawGukd cifAsm;ukdifwG,fcJhw,f olb,ffrSmvJ uGsefawmfodcsifw,f
olYukd um;r&yf&ae&mrSm &yfvkdY'Pf&kdufzkdYvm;
uGsefawmfh azmufonfwpfa,mufa,muftaMumif; aNymcsifw,fqkd&if
pkHaxmufqkdwJh tumtuG,feJYvmcJh
'grSr[kwf &kH;awmfu trdefYeJY
bmvJ &,fp&mxifvkdYvm;
tif; enf;enf;aygh
olYukd b,frSm&SmvkdY&rvJ
tkdif;&Gef;[kdufaxmif
ol vGwfoGm;NyD - bm
b,fvkdvJ
rif; oleJY tcsdefawGtrsm;MuD;Nzwfoef;cJhw,f
ol b,fudkaNy;rvJ - b,fudkvJ
rodbl; igusdef&Jw,f
rif; bmvkyfwmvJ rif;aNymawmh vlrowfawmhbl;qkd
ol raoygbl;
tif; 'gayr,fh ol ightxufvlMuD;qDukd owif;ykdYvdrfhr,f
ol b,folYukdrS wkdif&JrSmr[kwfbl;
bmvkdY 'DavmufaocsmaewmvJ
olYrSm aemufykckH;wpfzuf&Sdao;w,fav
tkdau tkdau
wpfNcm;ae&mwpfck&Sdao;w,f
oltNrJwrf;ykHqGJaewm
ykHMurf;
olY tusOf;cef;eH&HrSm tJh'DykHawGcsnf;yJ
tif; b,fae&mvJ pwmvifNrdKUrSmyJvm;
tif;
bpfpuGD; Nywkduf
olYtwGuf *smreDukd owd&apw,fvkdYaNymw,f
ay:pDvdef;t&kyfawG wDxGifcJhwJhae&m
aqm&D; olu wpfcgwpfavus&if pdwfygoGm;wwfw,f
pm;yGJu trsdK;orD;u rufofeJYwlwJh vlwpfa,muf
NyD;cJhwJhtywfu vmiSm;w,faNymw,f tcef; 52
ol aiGom;eJYacsw,fwJh
tck em;axmif ig&Sif;&Sif;aNymxm;r,f
'DwHcg;udk NzwfausmfoGm;wJhtcg igwkdY rmopfukd zrf;zkdY vmcJhwmaemf
olYukdESdyfpufzkdY r[kwfbl; - cifAsm; uGsefawmfh tultnDawmif;xm;w,fav
tif; tJh'gvJ r[kwfbl; &mZ0wfaumifukd tm;ay;ulnDwmvJ r[kwfbl;
NyD;awmh igu&JyJ
cifAsm; olYudkzrf;csifvm; rzrf;csifbl;vm;
oGm;pkdY
pkHaxmufMuD;
rawGY wmt&rf;MumaeNyD
zvpfpwD; ig aNc&mcHzkdYvkdaeNyD
vkyffaew,f
aomuf&k; acG;rom;
&l;w,f[kwfvm; ig wpfcgrS 'DavmufaevkdYraumif;zl;bl;
vwfqwfwJhavu igeJYoabmwlw,f
tif; odyfvJtom;usraeeJY
igrif;udk zrf;cJhNyD;NyD
aemufwpfMudrfzrf;zkdYvJ tcsdefykdif;yJvkdawmhw,f
aumif;NyDav avmavmqnfrSm
rif;udk ElwfqufcsifaewJh wpfa,muf&Sdw,f
[,fvkdvkdYaNymvdkufav
olu odyfryGifhvif;bl;
ol rif;udk bmrS rvkyfcJhbl;
olYukd emusifatmifrvkyfygeJY vTwfay;vkdufyg
olYukd omref ysif;p&m arhavsmhp&mb0rSm
aNcmufaNcmufaoGYaoGY qufoGm;ckdif;&rSmvm;
[ifhtif; [ifhtif;
olYtwGuf 'Dxuftrsm;MuD;xkdufwefw,f
olY&JUtvSty ukdMum&SnfcHatmifxdef;odrf;zkdYvkdw,f
topftwkdif;
xm0&
rpkd;&drfygeJY
olYukdxl;Ncm;wJhwpfckcktNzpf aNymif;ay;rSmyg
tm&kHpkdufxm; pkHaxmufMuD;
aemufvmr,fht&mu odyfvuf&maNrmufw,f
wpfNznf;Nznf; qifzkdeDvkd
cufxefvmwJhtoH
zvpfpwD;
MudK;pm;aew,f 'gayr,fh olu aNc&mcHrIukdydwfqkdYxm;w,f
bmwGef rvkyfygeJY igawmifyefygw,f
rif; 'gudkvkdcsifwmvm; igawmif;yefygw,f qufrvkyfygeJY
'g urÇmMuD; cHpm;zkdYyg
aemufqkH;awmh
t&kyfvSvSav;awGukd vlwkdif;MudKufMuwmyJ
&JawG olYtavmif;udkvGefcJhwJh wpfem&Davmufu &SmawGYw,f
aooltopfu igwkdY okH;vkdY&r,fh rIcif;aq;tcsuftvufay;Ekdifvm;
pDtufpftkdifu tptqkH;ppfaq;NyD;NyD
'gayr,fh olwkdYu oD;oefY"mwfcGJcef;wpfckudkykdYvkdufw,f
rif;0ifvkdY&rvm;
[ihftif; olwkdYu pepfukd vkdif;csvkdufw,f
Munfh&wm rESpfu wpfa,mufa,muf
&Jbufqkdif&m pepfawGxJ trsm;MuD; azmufxGif;0ifcJhw,fxifw,f
'gqkd&if rmvif udpöwkef;uvkyfovdkvkyfwmaygh
ighukdvkdufzkdYac:wm tawmfaus;Zl;wifw,f
arhaq;yg ol 36 rdepfavmufarhaevdrfhr,f
tif; rSwfrdygw,f
&NyD zvpfpwD;
rif;twGuf ykHrSefnawGu 'dvkdyJaygh
ckd;0if azmuf0ifwmav;awGyJ
[kwfNyD tqdyfqkdif&mukd &w,f
tJh'gawGu bmawGvJ
aoolawG&JU ukd,frSm&SmawGYwJh "mwkypönf;awG
tom;t&nfvdrf;aq; vufonf;qkd;aq; Elwfcrf;eD
aeOD; aeOD; cP&yf
aemufNyefqkwf aemufNyefqkwf
'Dwpfck tDokdif;vf yg&mbef qkd'D,rf vm&,f qmvfzdwf
t&ifu tJh'gukdNrifzl;ygw,f
tJh'g tom;t&nfvdrf;aq;
rIcif;aq;wyfzGJYawGu olYvufacsmif;awGqDu &SmawGYwm
oltzrf;rcH&cif okH;cJhwm wpfckckNzpfvdrhfr,f
tom;t&nfvdrf;aq;
a&olrqkdvm; bmvm; aemufqkH;wpfacgufu om;aumifrSm
olYydkdufqHtdwfxJrSm tJh'gygwJh okaooe orm;ukdppfaq;ckdif;awmh
tJh'g azmfrsLvm csif;twlwlyJ
zvpfpwD; - vkyfaeNyD
ol b,fvkdvkyf 'grsdK;vkyfEkdifwmvJ
tDokdif;vf yg&mbef qkd'D,rf avmf&m qmvfzdwf
tJh'g rmar'if&JU ukd,fykdif azmfrsLvm
tom;t&nfvdrf;aq; wpfrsdK;xJukd oabmuswJh aoolESpfa,muf
'g wkdufqkdifrIrNzpfekdifbl;
olYom;aumifawGukd b,fvkda&G;vJ igb,fvkdrS pOf;pm;vkdY&rSmr[kwfbl;
tckwif&oGm;NyDav
&Sm'kdukd igwkdYrxm;cJhoifhbl;
'g olYb0 olYa&G;cs,frIyJ
igtMuHay;wmukd rif;em;axmif
bmtMuHvJ - twG,ftwmawG rxm;zkdY
tif; tJh'DtMuHraumif;bl;
'gayr,fh tJh'g rif;toufukdu,fvdrfhr,f
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